In her publication for Centre international de formation européenne (CIFE), Erbu Turhan explores the European-wide debate on alternatives to full EU membership for Turkey.

She places a special emphasis on the new approach towards reformulating the EU-Turkey dialogue, pointing to efforts to embed the country within European structures by extending external differentiated integration.

Ebru Turhan puts forward a wide spectrum of models of cooperation between the EU and Turkey and emphasises that future partnership must be based on universal norms and values.

Read the policy paper “Thinking out of the Accession Box: The Potential and Limitations of Internal and External Differentiated Integration Between Turkey and the EU”.